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Chapter 6 Kingdom Prokaryote Biology 11th Class Punjab Short Questions

Question No. 1 - Write two distinguished character of kingdom protista.

Answer No. 1 - Two distinguishing character of protista are: Mode of nutrition Mode of reproduction

Question No. 2 - What are pigments found in algae?

Answer No. 2 - Chlorophyll Carotenoids, Xanthophylls, Phycoerythrin

Question No. 3 - Write down two characteristics of dinoflagellates.

Answer No. 3 - It is one of the most unusual protists phyla.
Most dianoflagellates are unicellular.
Their cells are often covered with shells of interlocking cellulose plates,impregnated with silica.

Question No. 4 - What are protists, how they differs from planet and animal?

Answer No. 4 - The protists are unicellular,colonial or simple multicellular organisms that possess a eukaryotic organization. Unlike plants and animals, protists do not develop from a blastula or embryo.

Question No. 5 - Name four Phyla of Algae.

Answer No. 5 - Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Euglenophyta.

Question No. 6 - Write down phylum, form, pigments and example of red algae.

Answer No. 6 - Phylum Rhodophyta, forma is multicellular, pigments phycoerythrin, example polysiphonia.

Question No. 7 - Why kingdom protista is regarded as a polyphyletic group of organisms?

Answer No. 7 - Based on diversity most biologists regard the protist kingdom as a polyphyletic group of organisms; that is the protists probably do not share a single common ancestor.

Question No. 8 - Name the nuclei of ciliates.

Answer No. 8 - 1. Micronuclei
2. Macronuclei

Question No. 9 - Name any three phylum of protoctista.

Answer No. 9 - Three phyla of protoctista are
1. Protozoa
2. Algae
3. Fungi like protists

Question No. 10 - Define conjugation.

Answer No. 10 - Two bacteria joined by side and tube like structure called conjugation tube is formed between them and then they exchange their genetic material this process is called conjugation.

Question No. 11 - What are red tides?

Answer No. 11 - Diano flagellates exhibit occasional population explosions or blooms. These blooms frequently color the water orange, red or brown and are called red tides.

Question No. 12 - What is ing sickness?

Answer No. 12 - Trypanosoma is the cause of ing sickness which is transmitted by Tsetse fly.

Question No. 13 - Name four major groups of kingdom protista.

Answer No. 13 - Protozoans: Animals like protista.
Unicellular Algae: Plants like protista.
Multicellular Algae: Plants like protista.
Slim molds and water molds: Fungi like protista.

Question No. 14 - Write example of parasitic apicomplexan. Give symptoms of malaria.

Answer No. 14 - They are large group of parasitic Protozoans which cause serious diseases like malaria in human. They lack structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

Question No. 15 - How do fungi resemble animals?

Answer No. 15 - Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. Both have chitin in them.

Question No. 16 - Why pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive off all eukaryotic like forms?

Answer No. 16 - The giant amoeba Pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive eukaryote.This species has multiple membrane bounded nuclei but none of the other organelles found in all other eukaryotes. The giant amoeba obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria, which reside inside them.

Question No. 17 - Highlight evolutionary significance of euglenoids.

Answer No. 17 - Euglenoids dianoflagellates are one of the most important group of procedures in marine ecosystem. They also cause red tides.

Question No. 18 - From where do giant amoebas get energy?

Answer No. 18 - Giant amoebas obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria, which resides inside them.

Question No. 19 - Name two plants like protists group.

Answer No. 19 - Two plants like protists are green algae and red algae.

Question No. 20 - Write down any two characteristics of protists.

Answer No. 20 - 1. Protists are unicellular,colonial or simple
multicellular organisms.
2. They possess a eukaryotic organization.

Question No. 21 - What kind of chlorophyll are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

Answer No. 21 - They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

Question No. 22 - Differentiate between foraminiferans and actinopods.

Answer No. 22 - Foraminiferans : These marine protozoans produce shell also called as tests.

Question No. 23 - What is zoo-flagellates? Give one example.

Answer No. 23 - The protists are mostly unicellular organisms with spherical or elongated bodies with single central nucleus. They possess from one to many whip-like flagella. Example are trichonymphas.

Question No. 24 - What are trichonymphas? Give its important.

Answer No. 24 - Trichonymphas are complex, specialized flagellated with many flagella which live as symbionts in the gut of termites and help in the digestion of dry wood.

Question No. 25 - How is chalk formed?

Answer No. 25 - Dead foraminiferans sink to the bottom of the oceans where their shells form a grey mud that is gradually transformed into chalk.

Question No. 26 - What are Dino flagellates? Give example.

Answer No. 26 - It is unusual protist phylum.Most of the Dino flagellates are unicellular. Their cells are often covered with shells of interlocking cellulose plates impregnated with silicates. For example Ceratium and Gonyaulax.

Question No. 27 - Differentiate between test of actinopods and foraminifera.

Answer No. 27 - Actinopods : Shell of foraminiferans are made of calcium.

Question No. 28 - On what principle protists are classified together?

Answer No. 28 - 1. Size and structure
2. Means of locomotion
3. Habitat
4. Modes of reproduction
5. Ways of obtaining nutrition

Question No. 29 - How do ciliates differs from other protozoans?

Answer No. 29 - Ciliates differs from other protozoans because they have other covering called pellicle and two nuclei. One is called macronucleus and other is called macronucleus.

Question No. 30 - Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

Answer No. 30 - Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.

Question No. 31 - What are choanoflagellates?

Answer No. 31 - Choanoflagellates are sessile marine or freshwater flagellates. They are attached by a stalk and surrounded by a delicate collar. They are of special interest because of their striking resemblance to collar cells in sponges.

Question No. 32 - What are Apicomplexans? How do they move?

Answer No. 32 - Apicomplexans are a large group of parasitic protozoans which cause serious like malaria in human. They lack specific structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

Question No. 33 - Give two characteristics of ciliates.

Answer No. 33 - They are unicellular organisms with a flexible outer covering called a pellicle that gives them a definite shape but changeable shape.
Paramecium is one of the most complex ciliate. In parameters the surface of the cell is covered with several thousands fine, short hairs like structure called cilia.

Question No. 34 - What are ciliates? Give two examples.

Answer No. 34 - Ciliates have cilia on their outer body surface and pellicle as outer body covering e.g paramecium and Vorticella.

Question No. 35 - Basically kingdom protista is defined by exclusion. How?

Answer No. 35 - It is defined by exclusion all member have the characteristics that excludes separate them from the other four kingdoms. Like mode of reproduction, variety of habits, mode of nutrition and body structure.

Question No. 36 - Write two characteristics of Apicomplexans.

Answer No. 36 - They are large group of parasitic protozoa.Some cause serious disease such as malaria in human.
They lack specific structure for locomotions but move by flexing.

Question No. 37 - Give composition of shells of foraminiferans and actinopods.

Answer No. 37 - These marins protozoans produce shellalso called as tests.
Tests of foraminiferans are made of calcium whereas those of actinopods are made of silica.

Question No. 38 - What is trypanosoma? What disease does it cause?

Answer No. 38 - Parasitic flagellates cause diseases.For example Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing African ing sickness. It is transmitted by the bite of Tsetse fly.

Question No. 39 - How algae differs from plants?

Answer No. 39 - Plants: Reproductive organs are multicellular. Embryo formation occur.
Plants is different in to root, stem and leaves with xylem and phloem.

Question No. 40 - Name six group of animals like protists.

Answer No. 40 - Amoeba, zooflgellates, Ciliates, foraminiferans, actinopods, apicomplexanss.

Question No. 41 - What is Plasmodium? Give name of its host?

Answer No. 41 - Plasmodium: is a type of apicomplexans that cause malaria in humans. Its hosts are as follows:
. Human beings
. Female mosquito Anopheles

Question No. 42 - Write down two characteristics of foraminiferans?

Answer No. 42 - They are marine protozoans.
They have external shell or test.

Question No. 43 - What is the function of pellicle in ciliates?

Answer No. 43 - Pellicle that gives ciliates a definite but changeable shape.

Question No. 44 - Name a parasite amoeba. What disease does it cause?

Answer No. 44 - Entamoeba histolytica cause amoebic dysentery.

Question No. 45 - What is thallus?

Answer No. 45 - The plant body which is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves and xylem phloem are absent is called thallus.

Question No. 46 - How foraminiferans are source of limestone?

Answer No. 46 - Dead foraminiferans sink to the bottom of the oceans where their shells form a grey mud that is gradually transformed into chalk. Foraminiferans of the past have created vast limestone deposits.

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