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Chapter 2 Information Networks Computer Science 11th Class Punjab Short Questions

Question No. 1 - Define Ring topology ?

Answer No. 1 - A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two others nodes, forming a single continuous path way for signals through each node a ring.

Question No. 2 - Describe networking concept ?

Answer No. 2 - A network is a way to connect computers together so that they can communicate exchange information and and pool their resource amongest each other.

Question No. 3 - Define LANs Protocols ?

Answer No. 3 - Network have certain rules called protocols, to send and receive data and it is defined in the network software.

Question No. 4 - Define Extranet.

Answer No. 4 - An extranet is two or more intranets connected in such a way that they enable collaboration among the companies that own separate intranets.On as extranet each connected company usually makes one selected part of its intranet accessible to the employees of one or more other companies.

Question No. 5 - What is ARC net ?

Answer No. 5 - The ARC net has both a topology and networking technology all its own. It uses wither twisted pair wire or coaxial cable and the network. The original ARC net protocol was very slow but it became poplar because it was in expensive reliable and easy to setup and to expands.

Question No. 6 - What is digital subscriber line.

Answer No. 6 - DSL provide high speed data transmission from homes and business over existing telephone lines. The existing telephone lines are analog and the transmission is digital, so modems are necessary with DSL technology.

Question No. 7 - Define the term bridge?

Answer No. 7 - A bridge of network bridge is a computer networking device that creates a single aggregate network from multiple communication network or network from multiple communication network or network segment. This function is called network bridge.

Question No. 8 - What is group ware?

Answer No. 8 - Group ware was refers to the programs that help people work together collectively which located remotely from each other programs that enable real time collaboration are called synchronous group.

Question No. 9 - What is network interface card?

Answer No. 9 - A NIC connects each computer to the wiring in the network. NIC is a circuit board that fits in one of the computers internal expansions slots some computer have built in NIC.

Question No. 10 - Define Dejure standard ?

Answer No. 10 - Dejure means according to law or regulation. The network governing body has properly approved these standards.

Question No. 11 - Write down any two benefits of computer network ?

Answer No. 11 - 1. Network Allow users simultaneous access to shared
program and data.
2. Network also allow user to share peripheral devices.

Question No. 12 - Describe Dejure Standard.

Answer No. 12 - De jure means "According to Law or Regulations". The network give ring body has properly approve these standards.
American National Standard Institute.
. The institute of electrical and electronics engineers.
. The international Standard Organization.
. Telecordia

Question No. 13 - Write two disadvantages of peer-to-peer model.

Answer No. 13 - 1. In peer to peer approach is lack of speed as most
network slow down under heavy use.
2. Its main disadvantages is the lack of security.

Question No. 14 - Write the names of three LAN protocols.

Answer No. 14 - Physical layer protocols used in LANs are:
1. WiFi
2. ATM LANE
3. FDDI

Question No. 15 - State CSMA/CD ?

Answer No. 15 - It is a local area network access method in which contention between two or more station is resolved by collision detection. When two stations transmit at the same time, they both stop and signal a collision have occurred.

Question No. 16 - What is network interface card ?

Answer No. 16 - A network interface card connects each computer to the wiring in the network. NIC is a circuit board that fits in one of the computer internal expansion slots some computer have built in NIC.

Question No. 17 - Define the term bridge ?

Answer No. 17 - A bridge of network bridge is a computer networking device that creates a single aggregate network from multiple communication network or network from multiple communication networks or networks segment this function is called network bridge.

Question No. 18 - Write the name of three LAN protocols?

Answer No. 18 - 1. Ethernet
2. Fast Ethernet
3. Gig Ethernet
4. WiFi
5. FDDI
6. Token Ring

Question No. 19 - What do you mean by CSMA/CR ?

Answer No. 19 - It allows multiple devices to talk at once, a protocol determine which devices receives priority.

Question No. 20 - Define network?

Answer No. 20 - A network is a way to connect computes together so that they can help communicate, exchange information and pool their resource among each other.

Question No. 21 - What do you mean by ISDN?

Answer No. 21 - ISDN is a set of international communication standards for software control of transmission voice, video and data simultaneously as digital signals over twisted-pair telephone lines. Basic rate ISDN provides better quality than analog connection and more reliable.

Question No. 22 - What is uploading and downloading?

Answer No. 22 - Downloading: The process of transferring a file from a remote computer to out local computer OS called downloading.

Question No. 23 - What is difference between Server computer and terminal?

Answer No. 23 - Terminal: The client are all the other computer on network. A client is a software that connect to the server to perform actions. The client provide a user interface that allow user to carry out actions.

Question No. 24 - What is group ware ?

Answer No. 24 - Group ware refers to program that help people work together collective while located remotely from each other programs that enable real time collaboration are are called synchronous groupware.

Question No. 25 - State the purpose of data link layer ?

Answer No. 25 - Provides the link for how data, packaged into framers is communication through hardware to be transport across a medium. It communication with network card manage physical layer communication between connecting system and handles error notification.

Question No. 26 - What is physical layer ?

Answer No. 26 - Specifics how data is processed into bits and physically transferred over medium, such as cables. Its responsible for activating and maintaining the physical link between system.

Question No. 27 - What is Client-Server network model ?

Answer No. 27 - The arrangements involves a server which is a computer that control the network. In particular a server has the hard disk holding shared files and often shared quality printers.

Question No. 28 - Define work group computing.

Answer No. 28 - Work group computing us highly important aspect of modern world computing today business, academic technological and research oriented atmosphere. It is also known as collaborative computing.

Question No. 29 - Write essential components of network system.

Answer No. 29 - The essential components of networks system are:
1. NIC
2. Bridge
3. Gate way
4. Router
5. Switches
6. Hubs
7. Modems

Question No. 30 - Define the term "Intranet"?

Answer No. 30 - An intranet is a privately owned, secure business network based on the internet technology, although not necessarily connected to the internet.

Question No. 31 - Define Star Topology ?

Answer No. 31 - Many home network use the star topology. A star network feature a central connection point called "Hub" that may be an actual hub or an switch.

Question No. 32 - Define downloading ?

Answer No. 32 - The process of transferring a file from a remote computer to our local computer is called downloading.

Question No. 33 - Define network. What is computer network.

Answer No. 33 - A network is a way to connect computers together so that they can communicate, exchange information and pool their resources among each other.

Question No. 34 - What is uploading ?

Answer No. 34 - The process of transferring a file from a our own computer tho the remote computer is called uploading.

Question No. 35 - Enlist different layers of OSI model ?

Answer No. 35 - There are seven layer in the OSI model:
1. Application Layer
2. Presentation Layer
3. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
5. Network Layer
6. Data link Layer
7. Physical Layer

Question No. 36 - What is Network topologies ?

Answer No. 36 - In networking the term topology refers to the layout of connected devices on a network One can think of a topology as a network "Shape".

Question No. 37 - Write essential components of network system ?

Answer No. 37 - 1. Network-Interface-Card
2. Bridge
3. Gate way
4. Router
5. Switch
6. Hubs
7. Modems

Question No. 38 - What do you mean by CSMA/CR?

Answer No. 38 - CSMA/CR Currier Sence Multiple Access/Collision Resolution: It allows multiple devices to talk at once, a protocol determine which devices receives priority.

Question No. 39 - State the purpose of Router?

Answer No. 39 - A router is a device that connect two or more network it consists of a combination of hardware and software. The hardware can be a network server, separate computer, or a special black box device.

Question No. 40 - Define Internet ?

Answer No. 40 - The internet is a wonderful and amazing arena where we can find information about almost any thing of the world. On the world on the internet we have ocean of knowledge about the books, magazines encyclopedia and any other type of reference material readily available.

Question No. 41 - What is repeater ?

Answer No. 41 - A repeater is a network devices that is used to regenerate or replicate signals that are weakened or distorted by transmission over long distance and through areas with high levels of electromagnetic.

Question No. 42 - What is MAN ?

Answer No. 42 - A Metropolitan Area Network MAN is communication network converting a geographical area the size of a city. the purpose of a MAN is often to bypass local telephone companies when accessing long distance services.

Question No. 43 - What does a gateway means ?

Answer No. 43 - A Gateway is a collection of hardware and software resource that lets a mode communicate with a computer on another different network.

Question No. 44 - Define the term token ?

Answer No. 44 - It is closely associated with IBM works on the concepts of a ring network topology and a token. The method of controlling access to the shared network cable is called token passing.

Question No. 45 - Write two disadvantages of peer to peer model.

Answer No. 45 - Peer to Peer Model: All computer in a peer to peer arrangement have equal status.
Disadvantages:
1. In a peer to peer approach is lack of speed as most
network slow down under heavy use.
2. Its main disadvantage is the lack of security.

Question No. 46 - What is FTP?

Answer No. 46 - It is an internet software tool for transferring files from one computer to another. The process of transferring a file from a remote computer to out local computer OS called downloading. The process of transferring a file from our computer to the remote computer is called uploading.

Question No. 47 - Write two disadvantages of peer-to-peer model?

Answer No. 47 - 1. In peer-to-peer approach is lack of speed as most
network slow down under heavy use.
2. Its main disadvantages is the lack of security.

Question No. 48 - Enlist different layers of OSI Model.

Answer No. 48 - There are seven layers in OSI Models:
1. Application Layer
2. Presentation Layer
3. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
5. Network Layer
6. Data Link Layer
7. Physical Layer

Question No. 49 - Write two purpose of session layer.

Answer No. 49 - Determine how two devices establish, maintain and manage a connection how they talk to each other. These connection are called sessions.

Question No. 50 - Why terminators are used in bus topology?

Answer No. 50 - A devices attached to the end-point of a bus network. The purpose of the terminator is to absorb signals so that they do not reflect back down the lines.

Question No. 51 - Define network topologies.

Answer No. 51 - In networking the term topologies refers to the layout of connected devices on a network. One can think of a topology as a networks "Shape". Network topologies are categorized into following basic types: Bus, Ring, Star, Tree and Mesh.

Question No. 52 - What does gateway mean?

Answer No. 52 - A gateway is a collection of hardware and software resources that lets a mode communicate with a computer on another different network. A gateway for example could connect an attorney on a local area network to a legal service offered through a wide area network.

Question No. 53 - Write two function of network Layer ?

Answer No. 53 - Responsible for determining addressing on the network determining the routers that information will take on the its journey and managing network traffic congestion data at this level is packed into packets.

Question No. 54 - Give two uses of email.

Answer No. 54 - 1. Email is cost effective way to communicate with friends,
or business associates regardless of where they are
physically located.
2. We can send letters, note files data or reports all
using the same technique.

Question No. 55 - Write function of physical layer of OSI model ?

Answer No. 55 - Specifies hoe data is processed into bits and physically transferred over maintain the physical link between system.

Question No. 56 - What is Defacto standard?

Answer No. 56 - De facto means by "tradition" or by fact these standards are most commonly used by the organization worldwide.

Question No. 57 - Define telecommunication ?

Answer No. 57 - Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, massages, word writings, images and sound or intelligence of any nature by wire radio optical or others electromagnetic.

Question No. 58 - Write Down the function of physical layers in OSI model.

Answer No. 58 - Specifies how data is processed into bits and physically transfer over medium such as cable. Its responsible for activating and maintain the physical link between system.

Question No. 59 - Give two uses of email?

Answer No. 59 - Email is cost effective way to communicated with friends, Colleagues or business associate regardless of where they are physically located. We can send letters, note, files, data or reports all using the same techniques.

Question No. 60 - State the purpose of Data link layer.

Answer No. 60 - Provides the link for how data packages into frames is communicated through hardware to be transported across a medium. It communicated with network card, manages physical layer communication between connecting system and handles error notification.

Question No. 61 - What is Email?

Answer No. 61 - E-mail is a system for delivering message over the internet.

Question No. 62 - Give two reasons for the importance of computer network.

Answer No. 62 - The advantages of computer network are following :
1. Network allow users simultaneous access to shared
programs and data.
2. Networks also allow users to share devices.
3. Network usually include the capability to send email
along with big attachments.

Question No. 63 - What do you mean by ISDN ?

Answer No. 63 - ISDN is s set of international communication standards for a software control of transmission voice video and data simultaneously as digital signal over twisted-pair telephones lines.

Question No. 64 - What do you mean by router?

Answer No. 64 - A router is a device that connects two or more networks. It consists of combination of hardware and software. The hardware can be network server, a separate computer or a special black box device. The two main pieces of software in a router are the OS and the routing protocol.

Question No. 65 - List any two LAN protocols.

Answer No. 65 - LANs Protocols: Network have certain rules,called protocols to send and receive data and it is defines in the network software.
1.Ethernet: Currently this is most commonly used protocol. It used high speed network cable and bus topology it is relatively simple and cheaper.
2.ARC net: The ARC net gas both topology and networking technology all its own. It use either twisted pair wire or coaxial cable and the star topology is informed with hubs attached to the network.

Question No. 66 - Define term Client?

Answer No. 66 - A Client is a software that connects to server to performs action. The client provide a user interface that allow users to carryout action.

Question No. 67 - What is ARC net?

Answer No. 67 - The ARC net has both topology and networking technology all its own. It uses wither twisted-pair wire or coaxial cable and the network. The original ARC net protocol was very slow but it became popular because it was in expensive and easy to setup and to expand.

Question No. 68 - What is dedicated server?

Answer No. 68 - This arrangement involves a server which is a computer that controls the network. In particular, a server has the hard disk holding shared files and often shared quality printer which can be used by all nodes.

Question No. 69 - What is DSL ?

Answer No. 69 - DSL provide high speed, digital, data transmission from homes and business over existing telephone lines. The existing telephone line are analog and the transmission is digital so modems are necessary with DSL technology.

Question No. 70 - Write two function of session layer ?

Answer No. 70 - Determine how two devices establish, maintain and manage a connection how they talk to each other. These connection are called sessions.

Question No. 71 - Define the term intranet.

Answer No. 71 - An intranet is a privately owned, secure business network based on internet technology, although not necessarily connected to the internet. Their term intranet appeared when companies discovered that they could use internet technology to make company internal information available to all employees.

Question No. 72 - What is De Facto Standard?

Answer No. 72 - De Facto Standard: De Facto Standard means by "tradition" or "by facts". These standards are the most commonly used by the organization world wide.

Question No. 73 - Define the term Token.

Answer No. 73 - It is closely associated with IBM,works on the concept of a ring network topology and a token a kind of electronic signal. The method of controlling access to the shared network cable is called token passing.

Question No. 74 - Write the use of server in computer networks?

Answer No. 74 - This arrangement involves a server which is a computer that controls the network. In particular, a server has the hard disks holding shared files/database and often shared quality printer, which can be used by all nodes

Question No. 75 - Define Work group computing ?

Answer No. 75 - Work group computing is highly important aspect modern world computing in todays business academic technological and research oriented atmosphere it is also known as collaborative computing.

Question No. 76 - Define Star Topology.

Answer No. 76 - Many homes network use star topology. A star network feature a central connection point called hub, that may be an actual hub or a switch.
Advantage: Easy to detects faults. It is very fast in speed. Easy to expands the network. Disadvantage:It is expensive.

Question No. 77 - Define server?

Answer No. 77 - A server which is a computer that controls the network. A server has the hard disk holding shared files and often shared quality printer which can be used by all nodes.

Question No. 78 - Define telecommunications.

Answer No. 78 - Telecommunications is the transmission of signals, signs, words, messages writing, images and sound or intelligence of ant nature by wire, radio optical or others electromagnetic system.

Question No. 79 - What is MAN? Give an example.

Answer No. 79 - MAN Metropolitan Area Network: A metropolitan area network is a communication network converting a geographical area the size of a city. The purpose of MAN is often to bypass local telephone companies when accessing long distance services.
Mobiles phone system are often MANs.

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