11th Class Chemistry MCQ Tests Punjab

Chemistry English Medium Book

• Chapter 1 Basic Concepts
  Atom, Evidence Of Atoms, Molecule, Ion, Molecular Ion, Relative Atomic Mass, Isotopes, Relative Abudndance Of Isotopes, Determination of Relative Atomic Masses of Isotpes by Mass Spectrometry, Average Atomic Masses, Analysis of a Compound-Empirical And Molecular Formulas, Empirical Formula, Empirical Formula From Combustion Analysis, Combustion Analysis, Molecular Formula, Concept of Mole, Avogadros Number, Molar Volume, Stoichiometry, Example(11):, Example(12):, Limiting Reactant, Identification of Limiting Reactant, Yield 35
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• Chapter 2 Experimental Techniques in Chemistry
  Filtration, Filtration Through Filter Paper, Folding of Filter Paper, Fluted Filter Paper, Filtration Through Filter Crucibles, Gooch Crucible, Sintered Glass Crucible, Crystalization, Choice of a Solvent, Preparation Of The Saturated Solution, Filtration, Cooling, Collecting The Crystals, Drying Of The Crystallized Substance, Decolouization Of Undesirable Colours, Sublimation, Solvemt Extraction, Chromatography, Paper Chromatography, Uses of Chromatography 20
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• Chapter 3 Gases
  States Of Matter, Properties of Gases, Properties of Liquids, Properties of Solids, Units of Pressure, Gas Laws, Boyles Law, Experimental Verification of Boyles Law, Graphical Explanation of Boyles Law, Charles Law, Experimental Verification of Charles Law, Derivation of Absolute Zero, Graphical Explanation, Scales of Thermometry, General Gas Equation, Ideal Gas Constant R, Density of an Ideal Gas, Avogadros Law, Daltons Law Of Partial Pressures, Calculation of Partial Pressure of A Gas, Application of Daltons Law of Partial Pressures, Diffusion And Effusion, Grahams Law of Diffusion, Demonstration of Grahams Law, Kinetic Molecular Theory Of Gases, Explanation of Gas Laws From Kinetic Theory of Gases, Kinetic Interpretation of Temperature, Liquefaction Of Gases, General Principle of Liquefaction, Methods of Liquefaction of Gases, Joule Thomson Effect, Lindes Method of Liquefaction of Gases, Non Ideal Behaviour Of Gases, Causes For Deviations From Ideality, Van Der Waals Equation For Real Gases, Volume Correction, Pressure Correction, How To Prove It, Plasma State, What is Plasma?, How is Plasma Formed?, Natural And Artificial Plasma, Characteristic of Plasma, Where Is Plasma Found?, Applications of Plasma, Future Horizons 38
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• Chapter 4 Liquids and Solids
  Intermolecular Forces, Dipole-dipole Forces, Dipole-induced Dipole Forces, Instantaneous Dipole-Induce Dipole Forces or London Dispersion Forces, Factors Affecting the London Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, Properties and Application of Compunds Containing Hydrogen Bonding, Thermodynamic Properties of Covalent Hydrides, Solubility of Hydrogen- Bonded Molecules, Structure of Ice, Cleansing Action of Soaps a and Detergents, Hydrogen Bonding in Biological Componds and Food Materials, Hydrogen Bonding in Paints,Dyes and Textile Materials, Evaporation, Vapour Pressure, Vapour Pressure Increases with Temperature, Measurement of Vapour Pressure, Boiling Point, Boiling Point and External Pressure, Energetics of Phase Changes, Energy Changes and Intermolecular Attractions, Changes of State and Dynamic Equilibrium, Liquid Crystals, Uses of Liquid Crystals, Introduction, Types of Solids, Properties of Crystalline Solids, Anisotropy, Symmetry, Isomorphism, Polymorphism, Allotropy, Transition Temperature, Crystal Lattice, Unit Cell, Crystals and their Classificaion, Classification of Solids, Ionic Solids, Properties of Ionic Solids, Structure of Sodium Chloride, Lattice Energy, Covalent Solids, Properties of Covalent Crystals, Structure of Diamond, Molecular Solids, Properties of Molecular Solids, Structure of Solid Iodine, Metallic Solids, Properties of Metallic Crysltals, Structure of Metals, Determination of Avogadros Number 20
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• Chapter 5 Atomic Structure
  Sub Atomic Particles of ATOM, Discovery of Electron(Cathode Rays), Properties of Cathode Rays, Discovery of Proton(Positive Rays), Reason for the Productuion of Positive Rays, Properties of Positive Rays, Discovery of Neutron, Properties of Neutron, Measurment of e/m Value of Electron, Measurement of Charge on Electron Millikans Oil Drop Method, Mass of Electron, Properties of Fundamental Particles, Rutherfords Model of Atom (Discovery of Nucleus), Plancks Quantum Theory, Bohrs Model of Atom, Derivation of Radius and Energy of Revolving Electron in nth Orbit, Energy of Revolving Electron, Spectrum, Continuous Spectrum, Atomic or Line Spectrum, Atomic Emission Spectrum, Atomic Absorption Spectrum, Hydrogen Spectrum, Origin of Hydrogen Spectrum on the Basis of Bohrs Model, Calculations of Wave Numbers of Photons of Various Spectral Series by Bohrs Theory, Calculation of Wave Number, Lyman Series, Balmer Series, Defects of Bohrs Atomic Model, X-RAYS and Atomic Number, Importance of Mosley Law, WAVE-PARTICLE NATURE OF MATTER (DUAL NATURE OF MATTER), Experimental Verification of Dual Nature of Matter, HEISENBERG S UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE, Concept of Orbital, Quantum Numbers, Principal Quantum Number (n), Azimuthal Quantum Number ( ? ), Magnetic Quantum Number (m), Spin Quantum Number (s), Shapes of Orbitals, Shapes of s-Orbitals, Shapes of p-Orbstals, Shapes of d-Orbitals, ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION, Aufbau Principle, Paulis Exclusion Principle, Hunds Rule, Electronic Configuration of Elements 45
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• Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding
  Introduction, Cause of Chemical Combination, ENERGETICS OF BOND FORMATION, ATOMIC SIZES, ATOMIC RADII, IONIC RADII AND COVALENT RADII, Ionic Radii and Covalent Radii Ionic Radii, Ionic Radii, Covalent Radii, Ionization Energy,Electron Affinity and Electronegativity, Ionization Energy, Factors Influencing the Ionization Energies, Variation of Ionization Energy in the Periodic Table, Higher Ionization Energies, Electron Affinity, Factors Influencing the Electron Affinity, Variation in the Periodic Table, Electronegativity, Variation of Electronegativities in Periodic Table, TYPES OF BONDS, Lewis Concept, (i) Ionic Bond, (ii) Covalent Bond (electron pair bond), Non-Polar Covalent Bonds, Polar Covalent Bonds, iii) Coordinate Covalent Bond, MODERN THEORIES OF COVALENT BOND, VALENCE SHELL ELECTRON PAIR REPULSION THEORY, Postulates of VSEPR Theory, Molecules Containing Two Electron Pairs (AB2 type), Molecules Containing Three Electron Pairs ? (AB3 type:), (iii) Molecules Containing Four Electron Pairs (AB4- Type:), Valence Bond Theory (VBT), Atomic Orbital Hybridization and Shapes of Molecules, (i) sp3 Hybridization, (b) Ammonia, (c) Water, H20, (ii) sp2- Hybridization, Bonding and Structure of Boron Trifluoride and Ethene, Bonding and Structure of Beryllium Dichloride and Ethyne, Molecular Orbital Theory, Head on Approach, Relative Energies of the Molecular Orbitals, Molecular Orbital Structures of Some Diatomic Molecules, (i) Helium, He2, (ii) Nitrogen, N2, (iii) Oxygen, O2, BOND ENERGY, BOND LENGTH AND DIPOLE MOMENT, Bond Energy (bond enthalpy), Ionic Character and Bond Energy, Bond Length, Dipole Moment, Dipole Moments and Molecular Structure, Percentage Ionic Character, Bond Angles or the Geometry of Molecules, THE EFFECT OF BONDING ON THE PROPERTIES OF COMPOUNDS, (1) Solubility, (2) Isomerism, (3) Reaction Kinetics: 30
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• Chapter 7 Thermochemistry
  INTRODUCTION, Spontaneous and Non-Spontaneous Reactions, System, Surronding and State Function, Internal Energy and First Law of Thermodynamic, First Law of Thermodynamics, Enthalpy, Enthalpy of a Reaction (?H), Enthalpy of Formation (?H0f), Enthalpy of Atomization (?H0at), Enthalpy of Neutralization (?H0n), Enthalpy of Combustion (?H0c), Enthalpy of Solution (?H0sol.), Measurement of Enthalpy of a Reaction, Glass Calorimeter, Bomb Calorimeter, HESS?S LAW OF CONSTANT HEAT SUMMATION, The Bom -Haber Cycle 20
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• Chapter 8 Chemical Equilibrium
  Reversible and Irreversible Reactions, State of Chemical Equilibrium, Law of Mass Action, Units of Equilibrium Constants, Equilibrium Constant Expressions for Some Important Reactions, ii. Dissociation of PCl5 (gaseous phase reaction), iii. Decomposition of N2O4 (gaseous phase reaction), iv. Synthesis of NH3 ( gaseous phase reaction), Relationship Between Equilibrium Constants, Applications of Equilibrium Constant, (i) Direction of Reaction, (ii) Extent of Reaction, (iii) The Effect of Conditions on the Position of Equilibrium, The Le-Chateliers Principle, (a) Effect of Change in Concentration, (b) Effect of Change in Pressure or Volume, (c) Quantitative Effect of Volume on Equilibrium Position, (d) Effect of Change in Temperature, (e) Effect of Catalyst on Equilibrium Constant, Applications of Chemical Equilibrium in Industry, Synthesis of Ammonia by Haber?s Process, Preparation of Sulphur Trioxide, IONIC PRODUCT OF WATER, pH and pOH, IONIZATION CONSTANTS OF ACIDS (Ka), Percentage of Ionization of Acids, IONIZATION CONSTANT OF BASES (Kb), pKa and pKb, Lowry Bronsted Acid and Base Concept, COMMON ION EFFECT, More Examples of Common Ion Effect, Buffer Solutions, (a) Why Do We Need Buffer Solution?, (b) How Do the Buffers Act?, Calculating the pH of a Buffer, Buffer Capacity, EQUILIBRIA OF SLIGHTLY SOLUBLE IONIC COMPOUNDS (SOLUBILITY PRODUCT), Applications of solubility product, (a) Determination of Ksp, from solubility, (b) Determination of Solubility from Ksp 34
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• Chapter 9 Solutions
  CONCEPT OF A SOLUTION, CONCENTRATION UNITS OF SOLUTIONS, Percentage composition, (a ) Percentage weight / weight, (b ) Percentage Weight/Volume, (c) Percentage Volume /Weight, (d) Percentage Volume / Volume, Molarity ( M ), Molality( m ), Mole Fraction (x), Parts Per Million ( ppm), Interconversion of Various Concentration Units of Solutions, TYPES OF SOLUTIONS, Solutions of Solids in Liquids, Solutions of Liquids in Liquids, (i) completely Miscible Liquids, (ii) Partially Miscible Liquids, Phenol-Water System (H2O + C6H5OH ), (iii) Liquids Practically Immscible, Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions, RAOULTS LAW, Raoults Law (when both components are volatile), VAPOUR PRESSURES OF LIQUID-LIQUID SOLUTIONS, i. Ideal Solutions, Fractional Distillation of Ideal Mixture of Two Liquids, ii. Non-Ideal Solutions (azeotropic mixtures), (a) Positive Deviations, (b) Negative Deviations, SOLUBILITY AND SOLUBILITY CURVES, Solubility Curves, Fractional Crystallisation, COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS, Why Some of the Properties are Called Colligative, Lowering of Vapour Pressure, Elevation of Boiling Point, Measurement of Boiling Point Elevation: Landsbergers Method, Depression of the Freezing Point of a Solvent by a Solute, Measurement of Freezing Point Depression Beckmann s Freezing Point Apparatus, Applications of Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression Phenomena, ENERGETICS OF SOLUTION, Hydration Energy of Ions, HYDRATION AND HYDROLYSIS, Hydration, Hydrates, Hydrolysis 0
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• Chapter 10 Electrochemistry
  INTRODUCTION, OXIDATION STATE AND BALANCING OF REDOX EQUATIONS, Oxidation Number or State, To Find Oxidation Number of an Element in a Compound or a Radical, Balancing of Redox Equations by Oxidation Number Method, Balancing of Redox Equations by Ion-Electron Method, Example 4 (acidic medium), Example 5 (basic medium), ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTION, ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS, Electrolytic Cells, Explanation of Electrolysis, Fused Salts, Aqueous Solutions of Salts, Electrolysis Processes of Industrial Importance, Voltaic or Galvanic Cell, Function of Salt Bridge, Voltic cell is reversible cell, ELECTRODE POTENTIAL, Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), Measurement of Electrode Potential, THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SERIES, Applications of Electrochemical Series, (i) Prediction of the feasibility of a Chemical Reaction, (ii) Calculation of the Voltage or Electromotive Force (emf) of Cells, (iii) Comparison of Relative Tendency of Metals and Nonmetals to Get Oxidized or Reduced, (iv) Relative Chemical Reactivity of Metals, (v) Reaction of Matels with Dilute Acids, (vi) Displacement of One Metal by Another from its Solution, Modern Batteries and Fuel Cells, Lead Accumulator or Lead Acid Battery (Rechargeable), Discharging, Recharging, Alkaline Battery (non-rechargeable), Silver Oxide Battery, Nickel Cadmium Cell (Rechargeable), Fuel Cells (rechargeable) 0
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• Chapter 11 Reaction Kinetics
  INTRODUCTION, RATE OF REACTION, Instantaneous and Average Rate, Specific Rate Constant or Velocity Constant, Order of Reaction, Examples of Reactions Showing Different Orders, Half Life Period, Rate Determining Step, DETERMINATION OF THE RATE OF A CHEMICAL REACTION, Physical Methods, Chemical Method, ENERGY OF ACTIVATION, FINDING THE ORDER OF REACTION, Half Life Method, Method of Large Excess, FACTORS AFFECTING RATES OF REACTIONS, Nature of Reactants, Concentration of Reactants, Surface Area, Light, Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction, Arrhenius Equation, CATALYSIS, Types of Catalysis, Characteristics of a Catalyst, Activation of Catalyst, Enzyme catalysis, Characteristic of Enzyme Catalysis 0
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